Medicare is the federal health insurance program for people who are 65 or older, certain younger people with disabilities, and people with End-Stage Renal Disease (permanent kidney failure requiring dialysis or a transplant, sometimes called ESRD). Medicare was created in 1965 when people over 65 found it virtually impossible to get private health insurance coverage. Medicare has made access to health care a universal right for Americans once they reach age 65. This has helped improve the health and longevity of older Americans. 

Part A covers inpatient hospital stays, skilled nursing facility stays some health visits, and hospice care.

Part B covers Physician visits, outpatient services, preventative services, and some health visits.

Part C refers to the Medicare Advantage program through which beneficiaries can enroll in a private health plan.

Part D covers outpatient prescription drugs through private plans that contract with Medicare.